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Open Access
Belief revision as a problem of scientific epistemology
Yaroslav V. Shramko01001Abstract
The fundamental question that must be answered by any theory of knowledge that claims to be adequate is the question of how it is possible to change our knowledge. The very fact of change undoubtedly takes place, and the problem is to theoretically explicate this fact. The methodological significance of this issue is due to the fact that changing knowledge means nothing more than its development, namely, the question of the ways and means of developing our knowledge is of central importance both for the logic and methodology of science, and for general epistemology. This work is of a review character, and aims to draw the reader’s attention to a new promising direction in the modern theory of knowledge called “belief revision”. -
Open Access
Physics models in the course "The basics of computer simulation"
Illia O. Teplytskyi01002Abstract
A review of the methodological literature on computer modeling shows the existence of different approaches to its teaching in secondary and higher education. It is a common approach in which the construction of models is carried out using the apparatus of higher mathematics, which is possessed mainly by senior students. This leads to the transfer of the course “Methods of mathematical modeling” for 7-8, and sometimes 9-10 semesters, which reduces its role in shaping the worldview of the future specialist, which takes place in high school and junior high school. This state of affairs forced us to create a propaedeutic course “The basics of computer simulation”, which was developed by the joint efforts of the Department of Informatics and Applied Mathematics of Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University and the Department of Informatics of the Kryvyi Rih Tsentralno-Miska gymnasium. The methodological support of the course is a textbook designed for high school students and junior high school students. -
Open Access
Concept of the course "Numerical methods in object methodology"
Aleksandr P. Polishchuk, Sergei A. Semerikov01003Abstract
The tasks for which computers were created - routine calculations of an industrial, scientific and military nature - required the creation of a whole class of new methods focused not on manual but on machine calculations. The first programming languages did not have convenient means for reflecting such objects often used in computational mathematics as matrices, vectors, polynomials, etc. Further development of programming languages followed the path of embedding mathematical objects into languages as data types, which led to their complication. So, for example, an attempt to make a universal language Ada, in which there are even such data types as dictionaries and queues, led to the fact that the number of keywords in it exceeded 350, making it almost unusable for learning and use. The compromise solution between these two extremes can be the following: let the programmer himself create the data types that he needs in his professional work. Programming languages that implement this approach are called object-oriented. This, on the one hand, makes it possible to make the language quite easy by reducing the number of keywords, and on the other, expandable, adapting to specific tasks by introducing keywords for creating and using new data types. -
Open Access
Information technologies of teaching in a secondary school
Mykola I. Zadorozhnii01004Abstract
The conference participants are offered components of the educational and methodological complex in physics, which are obtained not by advanced pedagogical experience, ie by trial and error, but by detailed and complete analysis and calculation of structures and algorithms of the educational process in secondary school and its individual components. It is a guide for students, systematization of educational information, algorithm for solving physical problems, solving standard physical problems on a computer, diagnosing student performance and rating assessment of knowledge. -
Open Access
Instrumental and executive system of training and testing
Aleksandr P. Polishchuk01005Abstract
One of the ways to increase the efficiency of computer support of the educational process is to provide the subject teacher with a simple and easy-to-use interactive instrumental and executive system with a set of educational materials and test tasks for testing knowledge. The presence of two subsystems - the subsystem of learning and the subsystem of testing and performance accounting allows the teacher to solve the problem of simultaneous questioning in the classroom. The student, in turn, gets the opportunity to re-test independently to correct his unsatisfactory grades on certain topics already covered. Pedagogical experience shows that there were many such systems; most of them were focused on learning programming. Today, almost all training systems created in the 1960s, except PLATO (Programmed Logic for Automated Teaching Operations), have no practical significance. In their didactic capabilities, they differed little from the systems that used the simplest technical learning tools and provided a rigid, virtually excluding dialogue determination of student activity. However, it was the first developments that stimulated interest in computer learning, and the development of hardware and software for personal computers led to greater opportunities for their use in learning. -
Open Access
Development of algorithms that simulate the solution of a problem by a person
Iurii V. Filatov01006Abstract
Some algorithms, which are often based on the use of elements of higher mathematics, possessing high speed and compact coding in algorithmic languages, are poorly mastered by most students. It can be assumed that this is due to the difficulty of presenting the principles of their work in the form of human actions in ordinary situations. Thus, a certain contradiction arises between the way of solving the problem that a person resorts to without using a computer and the way we force our computer to solve this problem. Comparison of the process of explaining algorithms speaks in favor of algorithms imitating human thinking. The discussion of the advantages of the algorithms themselves is beyond the scope of this article and undoubtedly deserves a separate study. If artificial intelligence is created, then its creator or creators will certainly be ranked among the outstanding geniuses in the history of civilization, no matter what algorithms it uses. However, so far there is no one to solve problems for us and create algorithms, so we will use all available means and try to teach this to children.
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